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What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?

From: Quisure2020-08-20

Circuit breakers, contactors, intermediate relays, thermal relays, push button switches, indicator lights, cam switches and limit switches are the eight most common components in electrical control loops. This article briefly introduces their principles and applications, and understands their applications in electrical The role in the electrical control loops.


Circuit breakers

Circuit breakers are divided into high voltage circuit breakers and low voltage circuit breakers according to their scope of use. They can be used to distribute electrical energy, start asynchronous motors infrequently, and protect power lines and motors when they experience serious overload or short circuit and undervoltage faults. It can automatically cut off the circuit when it is time, and its function is equivalent to the combination of a fuse switch and an overheating relay. Moreover, it is generally not necessary to change parts after breaking the fault current. The power distribution system includes transformers and various high- and low-voltage electrical equipment, and low-voltage circuit breakers are widely used electrical appliances.  Extended learning: Basic introduction of miniature circuit breakers



What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?Nader Circuit Breakers


The circuit breaker text symbol is: QF

The graphic symbol of the circuit breaker is:


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


Contactors

Contactors are divided into AC contactors (voltage AC) and DC contactors (voltage DC). They are composed of electromagnetic mechanism and contact system. The most common coil voltages are AC220V, AC380V and DC220V.

The electromagnetic mechanism of the contactor is composed of a coil, a moving iron core (armature) and a static iron core; the contact system is composed of a main contact and an auxiliary contact. The main contact is used to make and break the main circuit, and the auxiliary contact is used to control the circuit. 

Contactors are used in electric power, power distribution and electricity use occasions. In a broad sense, it refers to an electrical appliance that uses a coil to flow current to generate a magnetic field and close the contacts to control the load.  Extended learning: What is the working principle of AC contactor?


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


The contactor text symbol is: KM

The graphic symbol of the contactor is:


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


Thermal relay

The working principle of the thermal relay is that the current flowing into the heating element generates heat, which causes the bimetallic strips with different expansion coefficients to deform. When the deformation reaches a certain distance, it pushes the connecting rod to open the control circuit, thereby making the contactor When the power is lost, the main circuit is disconnected to realize the overload protection of the motor.

As the overload protection component of the motor, thermal relay has been widely used in production due to its small size, simple structure and low cost.


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


Thermal relay text symbol: FR

Thermal relay graphic symbol:


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?

Intermediate relays

The principle of the intermediate relay is a relay that transforms one input signal into multiple output signals or amplifies the signal (that is, increases the capacity of the relay contact). Its essence is a voltage relay, but it has more contacts (up to 8 pairs), the contact capacity can reach 5-10A, and the action is sensitive. When the number of contact pairs of other electrical appliances is not enough, intermediate relays can be used to expand their contact pairs. When selecting the intermediate relay, the main consideration is the voltage level and the number of contacts.  Extended learning: What is the principle and function of the relay?



What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?

What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?



Intermediate relays text symbol: KA

Intermediate relays graphic symbol:


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


Push button switches

The push button switch is a low-voltage electrical appliance that can be manually and generally reset automatically. It is usually used to issue start or stop instructions in a circuit to control the on and off of electrical coil currents such as electromagnetic starters, contactors, and relays. When choosing a push button switch, consider the needs and choose the appropriate type, color and quantity. Extended learning: What is the principle of the push button switches?



What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


Push button switch text symbol: SB

Push button switch graphic symbol:


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


Indicator lights

The role of the indicator light:

1. Indicate the running or stopping status of the equipment.

2. Monitor whether the power supply of the control appliance is normal.

3. Use the red light to monitor whether the trip circuit is normal, and use the green light to monitor whether the closing circuit is normal. 

Extended learning: What do the different colors of the indicator light mean?


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


Cam switch

The cam switch is also called a combination switch. It is different from the operation of the knife switch. It is a plane operation that rotates left and right. It consists of an operating mechanism, a panel, a handle, and several contact seats. The cam switch has the advantages of multiple contacts, multiple positions, small size, reliable performance, convenient operation, flexible installation, etc. It is mostly used for the introduction switch of the power supply in the electrical control circuit of the machine tool, which plays the role of isolated power supply, it can also be used as a control switch that directly controls the infrequent start and stop of small-capacity asynchronous motors. Extended learning: Common Question Answer of Cam Switch


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


The text symbol of the cam switch is: SA

The graphic symbol of the cam switch is:


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


Limit switches

Limit switch is a commonly used low-current master switch. It uses the collision of the moving parts of the production machinery to make its contacts move to switch on or off the control circuit to achieve certain control purposes. Usually, this type of switch is used to limit the position or stroke of the mechanical movement, so that the moving machinery automatically stops at a certain position, moves in the opposite direction, moves at a variable speed or moves back and forth automatically, etc.


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?


The text symbol of the limit switch is: SQ

The graphic symbol of the limit switch is:


What are the commonly used electrical components in the distribution cabinet?

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